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War of the Jülich Succession
The War of the Jülich Succession or the Jülich-Cleves War was a political and military conflict, composed primarily of a series of sieges and conquests, between Wolfgang William, Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg, supported by Spain and the Catholic League (from 1613),〔Lawrence p.79〕 John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg, supported by the United Provinces and the Kingdom of England,〔 and Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperor (who withdrew his claim in 1610), for control of the United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, that began in 1609 and ended on 12 November 1614, with the signing of the Treaty of Xanten.〔 Jülich-Cleves-Berg was divided between Duke Wolfgang William of Neuburg and John Sigismund of Brandenburg.〔〔Van Nimwegen p.204〕
==Background==
When Duke John William of Jülich-Cleves-Berg died on March 25, 1609, he had no legitimate heirs to succeed him. As a result, both Duke Wolfgang William of Palatinate-Neuburg and Elector John Sigismund of Brandenburg claimed inheritance to the throne. Both King Henry IV of France and representatives of the United Provinces of the Netherlands were suspicious of the possibility that Holy Roman Emperor Rudolph II of Habsburg would seize the throne of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. Emperor Rudolph did contemplate annexing more territories to extend Habsburg possessions in the Low Countries. Ultimately, troops from the Holy Roman Empire occupied the fortress at Jülich.
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